Gravidanza, Malattie

Gestosi sintomi: quali sono e come riconoscerli

gestosi

Gestosi sintomi

La gestosi o preeclampsia è una malattia che colpisce le donne in gravidanza e che può avere gravi ripercussioni su quest’ultime e sul feto. Di solito, compare dopo al 20esima settimana di gestazione in modo improvviso e colpisce circa il 3-5% delle donne incinte. Le donne affette da gestosi presentano edema, aumento della pressione sanguigna e delle proteine nelle urine, dovute ai problemi renali che insorgono a causa della pressione alta. Se non si interviene per tempo monitorando la futura mamma e, in caso di necessità, facendo nasce il bambino con un taglio cesareo, entrambi rischiano di morire o di riportare gravi conseguenze. Le cause della gestosi non sono certe, anche se si verifica con maggior frequenza in caso di:

  • ipertensione prima della gravidanza,
  • obesità,
  • età inferiore ai 20 anni o superiore ai 40,
  • gravidanza gemellare,
  • diabete,
  • malattie renali,
  • lupus,
  • artrite reumatoide.

Prevenire la gestosi, purtroppo, ad oggi non è possibile. L’unica cosa da fare è tenere sotto controllo la gestante, qualora si presentino i sintomi della gestosi, ovvero:

  • aumento della pressione sanguigna,
  • aumento delle proteine nelle urine,
  • forte mal di testa,
  • vista offuscata,
  • dolore addominale.

Gestosi sintomi: cosa fare

I sintomi di gestosi sopra elencati, a volte possono presentarsi anche in gravidanze sane, è bene quindi sempre rivolgersi al ginecologo per individuarne la causa. Di solito, le donne in gravidanza vengono sottoposte regolarmente a controlli della pressione sanguigna e del livello delle proteine nelle urine. Se si rientra tra i casi di gravidanza a rischio gestosi, prima della gravidanza è bene adottare uno stile di vita sano e assumere eventualmente farmaci, sotto prescrizione medica, per tenere sotto controllo la pressione sanguigna. Durante la gravidanza, se la pressione sale, bisogna immediatamente rivolgersi al proprio ginecologo, che saprà darvi indicazioni sul da farsi e su quali farmaci assumere ed evitare. È inoltre fondamentale, come in ogni gravidanza, evitare di fumare e di assumere alcol.

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