Bambino, Gravidanza a rischio

Varicella in gravidanza: linee guida per la mamma

La varicella in gravidanza

La varicella in gravidanza è una gran problema! Solitamente si contrae quando si è piccoli, ma se così non fosse e si è rimaste incinte bisogna farci attenzione. È una malattia provocata da un virus chiamato varicella-Zoster e patologicamente non è pericolosa. Però se aspettate un bimbo e rimanete infettate che pericolo correte? Come l’avete contratta? È possibile avere delle precauzioni? In questo articolo risponderemo alle domande più frequenti su questo argomento.

Varicella in gravidanza

Come si contrae la varicella in gravidanza

La varicella si può contrarre in modo diretto attraverso le vie respiratorie. Pensate che basta un solo respiro! Naturalmente se avete un contagiato in famiglia e avete con questa persona un contatto fisico, la contrazione del virus è inevitabile. Infatti è molto semplice prendersi la varicella. Invece non c’è la possibilità di contrarre l’infezione in modo indiretto. Se ad esempio avete un figlio che va all’asilo, che ha già preso le varicella, non può comunque portarla a casa dalla sua mammina incinta. L’unica precauzione che potete prendere è che se sapete che in un ambiente gira la varicella, evitate di andarci. Tenete conto che ha un periodo di incubazione di 15/20 giorni e si può trasmettere da un paio di giorni prima della comparsa delle bolle finchè non sono totalmente andate via.

I rischi della varicella in gravidanza

Se voi mamme contraete la varicella, c’è il 17% di possibilità di passarla al feto. Se ciò avviene nelle prime tre settimane della gravidanza, quando gli organi del vostro bambino non sono formati, il pericolo è veramente alto! C’è un 6% di probabilità che il vostro bambino possa manifestare la sindrome della varicella congenita e nei casi più gravi si potrebbe verificare un aborto spontaneo o un parto prematuro. La stessa situazione si può verificare se la mamma contrae la varicella nei 18-20 giorni prima del parto. Se invece si contrae prima 21 giorni prima di partorire il pericolo per il bambino è bassissimo e se avviene durante il parto c’è possibilità che il bambino la manifesti nei giorni successivi.

Come prevenire la varicella in gravidanza

Se siete certe di aver contratto la varicella potete stare tranquille. Se avete qualche dubbio basta fare un controllo sierologico. Questo perchè molte donne l’hanno contratta ma in una forma così lieve che neanche se ne sono accorte. Se anche questo test risulta negativo, allora potreste fare un vaccino del tutto innocuo per voi e il bambino che portate in grembo.

Varicella in gravidanza contratta, cosa fare

Se vi rendete conto però che ormai avete contratto la varicella durante la vostra gravidanza, dovete subito avvisare il medico. Il dottore vi darà delle immunoglobuline specifiche. Da evitare assolutamente i farmaci antivirali, non adatti ad uno stato interessante!

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