Concepimento, Rimanere incinta

Gravidanza gemellare: la guida completa

gravidanza gemellare

Gravidanza gemellare

La gravidanza gemellare è un evento raro, ma non troppo. Negli ultimi anni, infatti, se n’è registrato un aumento, dovuto essenzialmente a due fattori: l’età media delle neo-mamme sempre più alta (più l’età avanza e più aumentano il livello di ormone follicolo stimolante e il numero di ovuli da fecondare) e il ricorso sempre più frequente a fecondazione assistita e a tecniche per stimolare la fertilità. Non tutte le gravidanze gemellari, però, sono uguali, bisogna distinguere tra la gravidanza gemellare che porta alla nascita di gemelli eterozigoti, ovvero diversi, e quella il cui frutto sono dei gemelli monozigoti, identici tra loro. Ma quali sono i sintomi che ci fanno capire di aspettare dei gemelli? E come procede settimana per settimana una gravidanza gemellare? Scopriamolo insieme.

Gravidanza gemellare settimana per settimana

  • Primo trimestre di gravidanza: nel corso del primo trimestre di gravidanza gemellare, si iniziano ad avvertire i tipici sintomi di concepimento, come nausea, spossatezza e seno gonfio. Inoltre, l’aumento di volume dell’utero è maggiore rispetto ad una gravidanza singola, quindi anche il ventre tende subito ad essere più pronunciato. I sintomi iniziano ad attenuarsi intorno alla fine del primo trimestre. Lo sviluppo degli embrioni in questa fase è uguale a quello di una gravidanza singola. Grazie all’ecografia è possibile scoprire di che tipo di gravidanza gemellare si tratta.
  • Secondo trimestre di gravidanza: in questa fase possono comparire nuovi sintomi, come cali di pressione, stitichezza, macchie sul viso, seno ingrossato e con areole scure. Intorno alla ventesima settimana compare la linea alba, una linea scura che parte dall’ombelico e arriva fino al pube, che scompare dopo il parto. Ovviamente, aumenta sempre di più la circonferenza del pancione, così come il peso della mamma, che va tenuto sotto controllo, anche per evitare il rischio di diabete gestazionale. Tra la fine del secondo trimestre e l’inizio del terzo, ovvero tra la 26° e la 32° settimana, si può presentare il rischio di parto prematuro. È per questo necessario stare a riposo, non stressarsi e avvisare il ginecologo in caso di perdite di liquido e contrazioni.
  • Terzo trimestre di gravidanza: il rischio di parto prematuro aumenta e il peso del pancione affatica molto la futura mamma, che necessita di riposo. Soprattutto in caso di gravidanza gemellare bicoriale, già dalla 37° settimana si inizia il monitoraggio pre-natale e, in base allo stato dei feti e alla loro posizione, si programma il parto. Se i bambini non sono podalici e non ci sono complicazioni si può tentare un parto naturale, ma in caso di gravidanza monocoriale monoamniotica, bisogna necessariamente ricorrere ad un parto cesareo, di solito tra la 34° e la 36° settimana.

gravidanza gemellare sintomi

Gravidanza gemellare sintomi

Per avere la certezza di aspettare due gemelli bisogna effettuare un’ecografia, tuttavia quasi sempre fin dalle prime settimane compaiono alcuni sintomi abbastanza chiari, ovvero:

  • forte nausea,
  • aumento di peso,
  • addome molto pronunciato,
  • livelli di Beta HCG molto elevati e che aumentano rapidamente,
  • spossatezza.

A volte, comunque, i sintomi di gravidanza gemellare possono non essere così accentuati, ma essere in tutto e per tutto simili a quelli di una normale gravidanza singola.

Gravidanza gemellare rischi

La gravidanza gemellare è sicuramente più impegnativa rispetto a quella singola e presenta anche un maggior numero di rischi. Innanzitutto, i comuni disturbi della gravidanza sono accentuati. L’aumento di peso e il volume del pancione sono maggiori, di conseguenza la mamma è più affaticata e presenta spesso dolori lombo-sacrali e disturbi respiratori. Altri rischi che compaiono più frequentemente in una gravidanza gemellare rispetto ad una singola sono:

  • malformazioni fetali,
  • alterazioni cromosomiche,
  • mortalità perinatale,
  • ridotta crescita del feto,
  • sindrome di trasfusione feto-fetale (complicazione della gravidanza gemellare monocoriale, nella quale uno dei due feti riceve più sangue rispetto all’altro),
  • patologie materne (come anemia, ipertensione, diabete gestazionale),
  • parto prematuro.

gravidanza gemellare bicoriale monocoriale

Gravidanza gemellare: bicoriale o monocoriale?

I gemelli, come abbiamo detto più sopra, possono essere omozigoti (detti anche monozigoti) oppure eterozigoti (detti anche bizigoti). In caso di gemelli omozigoti, viene fecondato un solo ovulo, quindi si ha un solo zigote, che poi entro qualche giorno si divide in due diversi embrioni. I gemelli monozigoti hanno lo stesso DNA, quindi sono identici e dello stesso sesso. Nei gemelli eterozigoti, invece, vengono fecondati due ovuli da due spermatozoi, quindi i gemelli bizigoti non hanno lo stesso DNA, non sono identici e possono essere di sesso diverso. Importante è distinguere le gravidanze gemellari anche in base al sacco amniotico: se lo zigote si divide subito dopo la fecondazione, si avrà una gravidanza gemellare bicoriale biamniotica, nella quale i feti avranno sacche amniotiche e placente separate. Se lo zigote si separa qualche giorno dopo la fecondazione, si avrà una gravidanza gemellare monocoriale biamniotica, con sacchi amniotici separati, ma placenta in comune. Se passano ancora più giorni, si avrà una gravidanza gemellare monocoriale monoamniotica, con sacca amniotica e placenta in comune. Ovviamente, in caso di gemelli eterozigoti, la placenta e la sacca amniotica saranno sempre divisi.

Articolo PrecedenteProssimo Articolo

397 Comments

  1. Taxi moto line
    128 Rue la Boétie
    75008 Paris
    +33 6 51 612 712  

    Taxi moto paris

    Thanks for finally writing about > Gravidanza gemellare: la guida completa – Mamme < Liked it!

  2. Wow, wonderful blog structure! How long have you ever
    been blogging for? you make blogging glance easy. The full look of your web site is great, as neatly as the content material!

  3. My brother suggested I might like this blog. He was totally right. This post actually made my day. You cann at imagine just how much time I had spent for this information! Thanks!

  4. I have learn several just right stuff here. Certainly value bookmarking
    for revisiting. I surprise how a lot effort you place to create one of these
    fantastic informative site.

  5. Thanks a lot for sharing this with all people you actually recognize what you are talking about! Bookmarked. Please also consult with my site =). We could have a link exchange contract among us!

  6. You can certainly see your skills within the work you write. The world hopes for more passionate writers such as you who are not afraid to mention how they believe. At all times go after your heart.

  7. I will immediately seize your rss feed as I can not to find your e-mail subscription link or newsletter service. Do you ave any? Kindly allow me recognize in order that I may just subscribe. Thanks.

  8. Do you mind if I quote a couple of your articles as long
    as I provide credit and sources back to your webpage?
    My blog site is in the very same area of interest as yours and my visitors would certainly
    benefit from some of the information you present here.

    Please let me know if this ok with you. Thanks a lot!
    games ps4 185413490784 games ps4

  9. Hi, i feel that i saw you visited my website so i got here to return the want?.I’m attempting to to find issues to improve my web site!I assume
    its good enough to make use of some of your ideas!!

  10. My brother recommended I might like this website. He was entirely right. This post truly made my day. You cann at imagine simply how much time I had spent for this information! Thanks!

  11. Thanks a lot for sharing this with all of us you actually know what you are talking about! Bookmarked. Kindly also visit my web site =). We could have a link exchange agreement between us!

  12. Wonderful blog! I found it while searching on Yahoo News. Do you have any tips on how to get listed in Yahoo News? I ave been trying for a while but I never seem to get there! Many thanks

  13. Hey! I just wanted to ask if you ever have any issues with
    hackers? My last blog (wordpress) was hacked and
    I ended up losing many months of hard work due to no back up.
    Do you have any solutions to prevent hackers?

  14. Nice blog here! Also your web site loads up fast! What host are you using?
    Can I get your affiliate link to your host? I wish my site loaded
    up as fast as yours lol

  15. Your style is very unique in comparison to other folks
    I’ve read stuff from. Thank you for posting when you have the opportunity,
    Guess I will just book mark this site.

  16. Greate pieces. Keep writing such kind of information on your blog.

    Im really impressed by your site.
    Hi there, You’ve done a fantastic job. I will certainly digg it and personally suggest to
    my friends. I am sure they’ll be benefited from this site.

  17. of course, study is paying off. Is not it good whenever you uncover an excellent article? My personal internet searching seem full.. thank you. Great ideas you have got here..

  18. Nice blog here! Also your site loads up very fast! What host are you using? Can I get your affiliate link to your host? I wish my web site loaded up as fast as yours lol

  19. I will immediately grasp your rss as I can at in finding your e-mail subscription link or e-newsletter service. Do you ave any? Please let me know so that I could subscribe. Thanks.

  20. This particular blog is without a doubt interesting and besides factual. I have picked up helluva interesting things out of this source. I ad love to return again soon. Thanks a lot!

  21. It’а†s really a nice and helpful piece of information. I’а†m satisfied that you shared this helpful info with us. Please stay us up to date like this. Thank you for sharing.

  22. Supporting the publish.. all the best Truly beneficial perspective, many thanks for posting.. My web browsings seem complete.. thank you. So content to get located this article..

  23. remedy additional eye mark complications in order that you can readily get essentially the most from your hard earned money therefore you all certainly hold the product as full impacts.

  24. whoah this blog is great i love reading your posts. Keep up the great work! You know, a lot of people are looking around for this information, you can aid them greatly.

  25. Spot taking place with this write-up, I rightly ponder this website wants much further issue. I all in every probability be yet again to read a long way additional, merit for that info.

  26. I think other web-site proprietors should take this website as an model, very clean and fantastic user genial style and design, as well as the content. You are an expert in this topic!

  27. Wow, wonderful blog structure! How long have you been running a blog for? you make running a blog look easy. The entire glance of your website is magnificent, let alone the content!

  28. You can certainly see your enthusiasm in the paintings you write. The world hopes for more passionate writers like you who aren at afraid to mention how they believe. Always go after your heart.

  29. Very nice article and straight to the point. I am not sure if this is really the best place to ask but do you folks have any thoughts on where to employ some professional writers? Thanks in advance

  30. Merely a smiling visitant here to share the love (:, btw great style and design. Justice is always violent to the party offending, for every man is innocent in his own eyes. by Daniel Defoe.

  31. You made some first rate points there. I appeared on the internet for the problem and found most individuals will associate with along with your website.

  32. This particular blog is definitely interesting and besides diverting. I have picked up many helpful things out of this amazing blog. I ad love to visit it again and again. Cheers!

  33. IaаАа’б‚Т€ТšаЂаŒаАа’б‚Т€ТžаБТžm a extended time watcher and I just believed IaаАа’б‚Т€ТšаЂаŒаАа’б‚Т€ТžаБТžd drop by and say hi there there for your extremely initially time.

  34. This is very interesting, You are a very skilled blogger. I ave joined your feed and look forward to seeking more of your great post. Also, I have shared your website in my social networks!

  35. Wow, awesome blog format! How long have you been running a blog for? you make blogging glance easy. The entire glance of your website is magnificent, let alone the content material!

  36. Nice blog here! Also your web site lots up fast! What web host are you the use of? Can I get your associate hyperlink for your host? I desire my website loaded up as quickly as yours lol

  37. This very blog is without a doubt cool as well as amusing. I have discovered a bunch of helpful advices out of this amazing blog. I ad love to return every once in a while. Thanks!

  38. Just got a Blogger account, it works good, but how do I find different users blogs I like with search. I remember there is a way, but I am not seeing it now. Thanks for your help..

  39. Im no expert, but I feel you just made the best point. You obviously understand what youre talking about, and I can really get behind that. Thanks for staying so upfront and so genuine.

  40. Wonderful blog! I found it while browsing on Yahoo News. Do you have any tips on how to get listed in Yahoo News? I ave been trying for a while but I never seem to get there! Appreciate it

  41. Wow! This can be one particular of the most beneficial blogs We ave ever arrive across on this subject. Actually Excellent. I am also an expert in this topic therefore I can understand your hard work.

  42. Wow! This could be one particular of the most beneficial blogs We have ever arrive across on this subject. Actually Magnificent. I am also an expert in this topic so I can understand your hard work.

  43. Wow, awesome blog layout! How long have you been blogging for? you made blogging look easy. The overall look of your website is wonderful, let alone the content!. Thanks For Your article about &.

  44. This very blog is no doubt educating and also informative. I have picked helluva useful stuff out of this blog. I ad love to go back over and over again. Thanks!

  45. Title It as really a great and useful piece of information. I am glad that you shared this helpful information with us. Please keep us up to date like this. Thanks for sharing.

  46. Usually I don at read post on blogs, but I wish to say that this write-up very forced me to take a look at and do so! Your writing taste has been surprised me. Thank you, very great post.

  47. I?ll right away clutch your rss as I can at to find your e-mail subscription link or newsletter service. Do you ave any? Please allow me know in order that I may subscribe. Thanks.

  48. You made some really good points there. I checked on the net to learn more about the issue and found most individuals will go along with your views on this site.

  49. My web searches seem complete.. thank you. Definitely interesting standpoint, thanks for expression.. I enjoy you giving out your point of view.. So happy to get found this article..

  50. You could definitely see your enthusiasm in the work you write. The sector hopes for more passionate writers like you who aren at afraid to say how they believe. At all times go after your heart.

Rispondi a situs slot online Annulla risposta

Il tuo indirizzo email non sarà pubblicato. I campi obbligatori sono contrassegnati *